Observations of drifting specimens, collected in march 2015 and march and april 2017, suggest that this nonindigenous species has reached algerian waters. Marlin the marine life information network sargassum. Circumglobal invasion by the brown seaweed sargassum. Marine seaweeds represent an abundant source of natural products and may harbour valuable chemicals. Attempts at its eradication and control have generally not been successful, although timeconsuming and costly. Outside this area, the species was first introduced in british columbia canada and subsequently spread both northwards and southwards, into wave. Muticum compared to 16 30% for commercially exploited brown algae critchley at et al. The vital rates of one of the most successful invading seaweeds, sargassum muticum, were investigated monthly for 2 years in intertidal pools dominated by the native brown seaweed cystoseira humilis and by s. Diversity effects on invasion vary with life history stage in marine macroalgae. Engelen, alexandra serebryakova, put ang, kevin brittonsimmons, frederic mineur, morten f. Ecosystem functioning impacts of the invasive seaweed sargassum muticum fucales, phaeophyceae article in journal of phycology 501. Sargassum is a genus of brown class phaeophyceae seaweed which is distributed throughout the temperate and tropical oceans of the world. A chronology of new european sites of attachment for the.
On the cooccurrence of two exotic, invasive marine organisms. Circumglobal invasion by the brown seaweed sargassum muticum by aschwin h. Sargassum in the gulf of mexico and the atlantic ocean mapped using meris. Attempted control of the introduced brown seaweed, sargassum. The algae will grow its lateral branches in the spring, which will then last until. Sargassum muticum is a large brown seaweed of the class phaeophyceae.
Two of these localities were invaded at the end of the 1980. Sargassum muticum is an invasive brown seaweed that has recently found its way to the shores of ireland. Some shorelines have been hit so hard by the invasion of algae that. Aug 12, 2016 in order to explain the tremendous invasion success of the brown alga sargassum muticum, we compared the palatability and nutritional value of s. Its been piling up on the shores of south florida beaches by the truckloadmassive rafts of sargassum, a brownish seaweed that lives in the open ocean in some spots, the sargassum can reach as high as 2 feet, attracting insects, crabs and sea lice, trapping sea turtles, and forcing bathers to take a circuitous route around it to get to the water. The role of chemical antifouling defence in the invasion. Sargassum seaweed is a brown alga, comprising mainly of two species sargassum natans and sargassum fluitans found in pelagic masses in the atlantic ocean.
Sargassum muticum, commonly known as japanese wireweed, is a large brown seaweed of the genus sargassum. Introduced algae form globally an increasing problem. On the cooccurrence of two exotic, invasive marine. It is an invasive seaweed with high growth rate up to 10 cm per day during spring. Refining and expanding global climate change scenarios in. Other articles where sargassum muticum is discussed. Albeit demonstrating polymorphism in the native range, microsatellites failed to detect any genetic variation over 1,269 individuals sampled from 46 locations over the pacificatlantic introduction range.
Sep 02, 2016 sargassum watch warns of incoming seaweed. I predicted that differences in the meiofaunal diversity, abundance, and community composition would be influenced by the morphological complexity and palatability of an alga. The chemical defences of the invasive alga sargassum muticum. Timesinceinvasion increases native mesoherbivore feeding rates on.
Pedersen, francisco arenas, consolacion fernandez, henning steen, robin svenson, henrik. Sargassum muticum, wireweed university of washington. Mobile epifauna inhabiting the invasive sargassum muticum and. Other seaweeds within the biotope can be harvested to produce compounds used in a variety of.
Invasion of sargassum muticum in limfjorden denmark and its. Ecosystem functioning impacts of the invasive seaweed. Shallow rockpools throughout the eulittoral zone on exposed to moderately exposed shores dominated by the brown seaweed sargassum muticum and the red seaweed corallina officinalis. Some studies recently evaluated the effect of a brown seaweed sargassum muticum methanol extract smme on the proliferation of mcf7 and mdamb231 breast cancer cell lines by conducting morphological assessments of apoptosis, caspase assays, and chick chorioallantoic membrane cam assays. Diversity effects on invasion vary with life history stage in.
Reproduction, genetics and distributions of marine organisms ed. The present study addresses the disentanglement of spatial and temporal shifts in seaweed associated bacterial communities among different seaweed structures using the pseudoperennial invasive brown seaweed sargassum muticum as a case study. Understanding the invasion success of sargassum muticum. It can be a welcome sight offshore, but once it makes its way closer to land, socking in the marinas or cutting off bays, beaches or any other coastal area, its a spreading, stinking decay of mess that has us scratching our heads and stomping our feet as we desperately search for answers. Circumglobal invasion by the brown seaweed sargassum muticum ah engelen, a serebryakova, p ang, k brittonsimmons, f mineur. A brownish, pungent seaweed known as sargassum has increased dramatically in the caribbean in recent months, researchers said. D sargassum muticum with overgrowth of filamentous brown algae, shal low subtidal. Mobile epifauna inhabiting the invasive sargassum muticum. Invasion of sargassum muticum in intertidal rockpools. Study on the health benefits of brown algae sargassum. Leaflike laminae and primary lateral branches grow from this stipe.
The species has mainly colonized the shallow subtidal level of sheltered shores and rock pools in the mid shore of sheltered and more exposed locations andrew and viejo, 1998. Diversity effects on invasion vary with life history stage. Timesinceinvasion increases native mesoherbivore feeding rates. On the northern spanish coast, the brown algae sargassum muticum yendo fensholt invaded the rocky shores in the 1980s fernandez et al. The brown seaweed sargassum muticum is an invasive species to the coasts of the british isles, mainland europe and north america. The objective of this study was to describe the temporal and spatial invasion patterns of s.
It grows attached to rocks by a perennial holdfast up to 5 cm in diameter. In the invaded range, sargassum muticum is found in rocky habitats in the shallow subtidal zone, with some populations extending into the lower intertidal zone on emergent. The meiofaunal assemblage on the invasive brown alga, sargassum muticum, was compared to that on three native algal species. In 2015, large algal mats inundated american, caribbean and african coastlines in unprecedented amounts, creating significant environmental and health impacts including to the small island. Pdf complete mitochondrial genome of the invasive brown. The present study is the first to report the antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenesis activities of extracts from the persian gulf brown sargassum muticum. In order to assess whether chemical defence traits contribute to invasion success, antibacterial, antiquorum sensing, antidiatom, antilarval and antialgal properties were investigated for the following algae. Pedersen, francisco arenas, consolacion fernandez, henning steen, robin svenson, henrik pavia, gunilla toth, frederique viard and rui santos.
Pdf circumglobal invasion by the brown seaweed sargassum. This study highlights the importance of enemy diversity in invasion ecology. The japanese sargasso weed sargassum muticum was originally only found along the coasts of japan, russia, korea and china. Populations of the invasive alga sargassum muticum were sampled along a timesince invasion tsi gradient to test the hypothesis that chemical defences would increase with tsi, and diversity of native mesoherbivores. Different feeding assays using artificial food with either freezedried algae or algal extracts and three dominant. Which demographic traits determine population growth in. The japanese seaweed sargassum muticum yendo fensholt is reported for the first time from the algerian coasts in cherchell and sidi fredj, which are approximately 80 and 30 km, respectively, west of algiers. In recent years, drifting and inundating brown seaweed sargassum horneri biomass, called golden tides, has frequently drifted and accumulated along the southern coastlines of korea. Pdf first record of drifting sargassum muticum yendo. Complete mitochondrial genome of the invasive brown alga sargassum muticum sargassaceae, phaeophyceae. The sargassum invasion of the eastern caribbean and dynamics of the equatorial north atlantic. At the colder water invasion sites sargassum muticum will display the pseudoperennial growth pattern that was described above. Sargassum muticum is a conspicuous and successful invasive brown alga and several studies have investigated whether native herbivores feed less on s. Most of the sargassum seaweed lies concentrated in the sargassum sea, a region in the middle of the north atlantic ocean surrounded by ocean currents.
The japanese seaweed sargassum muticum yendo fensholt is. The overall biotic pressure on a newly introduced species may be less than that experienced within its native range, facilitating invasion. Satellite images suggest a new sargassum source region in 2011. Algal chemical defences, phlorotannins, were quantified as a proxy for topdownpressure, and these were compared with both native enemy diversity and timesince invasion.
Additionally, we compared our results between native and invaded macroalgal assemblages, using the invasive brown macroalga sargassum muticum yendo fensholt as a model species. The impact of the invasive seaweed sargassum muticum yendo fensholt phaeophyta, sargassaceae on tide pool macroalgal assemblages of northern spain was investigated between 2001 and 2004. Since introduction to british coastal waters in the early 1970s, populations of the brown seaweed sargassum muticum native to the northern pacific have increased rapidly, causing a number of recreational and ecological problems. The chemical defences of the invasive alga sargassum. Dense sargassum muticum stands may reduce light, decrease flow, increase sedimentation and reduce ambient nutrient concentrations available for native kelp species. That is the case of the canopy species bifurcaria bifurcata that inhibits recruitment of sargassum muticum sanchez and fernandez, 2006, but it can be negatively affected by the invader when wellestablished viejo, 1997. Circumglobal invasion by the brown seaweed sargassum muticum with aschwin h.
The reproductive ecology of sargassum muticum at different latitudes. Anticancer effects of different seaweeds on human colon. Circumglobal invasion by the brown seaweed sargassum muticum article pdf available in oceanography and marine biology 53. Antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenesis effects. In order to explain the tremendous invasion success of the brown alga sargassum muticum, we compared the palatability and nutritional value of s. Study on the health benefits of brown algae sargassum muticum in volunteersshin young park 1, inn su seo 2, sun joo lee 3, sang pyung lee 4. The introduction of invasive marine algae can have substantial negative. New marine invasions have been recorded in dramatically increasing numbers along the worlds coasts, due, in part, to the global warming of the oceans and the ability of many successful invasive marine species to tolerate a broader thermal range than native species. The seaweed was imported into europe together with japanese oysters straight from asia or from canadian cultured ones contaminated with the seaweed. The mobile epifauna colonizing the invasive brown alga sargassum muticum yendo fensholt was compared with assemblages inhabiting two locally established seaweeds fucus vesiculosus l.
International journal of ecology and environmental sciences. One of the most successful invaders along european coasts is the brown macroalga s. It can accumulate high biomass and may quickly become a strong competitor for space and light. Its expansion along the european coasts is a case of welldocumented invasion. In this study, we experimentally tested the food choice of mesoherbivores for native macroalgae versus the invader sargassum muticum. Commercial exploration of this biomass for food, fuel.
From this holdfast the main axis grows to a maximum of 5 cm high. Guide to marine invaders sargassum muticum potential in the. The origin and population genetic structure of the golden. In order to speculate about the demographic mechanisms that determine invasiveness of s. Sargassum muticum, were investigated monthly for 2 years in intertidal pools dominated by the native brown seaweed cystoseira humilis and by s. It has an efficient dispersion thanks to its floats. The trophic significance of the invasive seaweed sargassum. The sargassum watch system processes satellite data and feeds results to a web portal, giving decision makers timely information on seaweed location and. Engelen, alexandra serebryakova, put ang, kevin britton simmons, frederic mineur, morten f. Expansion of the invasive brown seaweed sargassum muticum resulted in the displacement of native. Momguk is blessed with the abundance of various minerals, vitamins and dietary fibers.
Results showed that the presence of the invader increased the rates of respiration and production, most likely as a result of the high biomass of the invader. We performed food choice experiments with common grazers gammarus insensibilis, hydrobia ulvae and stenosoma. Samples of sargassum muticum, fucus vesiculosus and cystoseira nodicaulis were collected for identi. The macroalgal assemblages at the low intertidal zone were studied at three localities on the north coast of spain between 1977 and 2002. Sargassum muticum yendo, a species of brown algae called mojaban has been a favorite food for years as it is used for preparing momguk soup, a wellknown traditional seafood broth of jeju island, south korea. Sargassum muticum is a large brown seaweed that forms dense monospecific stands. The species is native from japan and was reported for the. Thallus bushy, elongated, yellowishtawny to dark brown, generally to 4 m long plants to 16 m have been reported from brittany, but this is exceptions. The invasive seaweed sargassum muticum is abundant in this sheltered area in. In japanese waters, where it originates, it is a relatively small, innocuous seaweed 12 m in length. Sargassum invasion in the caribbean marlin magazine.
The brown alga sargassum muticum yendo fensholt is a conspicuous and successful invasive species originally from japan and china. Ecological interactions between the brown seaweed sargassum muticum and its associated fauna. Other brown seaweeds, including the kelp saccharina latissima, laminaria digitata and the wrack fucus serratus may occur along with dictyota dichotoma, but s. Invader removal experiments were simultaneously conducted at three semiexposed rockyshores within a shoreline length of 200 km.